In Defence of the Unoccupied Mind
Few findings in psychology capture what we have gradually lost as sharply as a 2014 University of Virginia study. Researchers led by Timothy Wilson left participants alone in an empty room for between six and fifteen minutes with nothing to do but think, then gave them the option of self-administering a mild electric shock instead. A striking number chose the shock, two-thirds of the men and a quarter of the women, even though they had earlier said they would pay money to avoid that very shock.